Wine Grape Varietals Explained: Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Chardonnay

Tap a varietal to see its flavor character.

Cabernet Sauvignon

A leading red wine varietal known for a rich body and strong tannins, with notes of black currant and cedar.

Merlot

A red wine varietal that is softer and more fruit-forward than cabernet sauvignon, often considered an approachable choice for newcomers to red wine.

Pinot Noir

A notoriously finicky-to-grow red wine varietal known for its delicate, elegant aroma and bright acidity.

Chardonnay

The most widely planted white wine varietal in the world, with flavor character that varies considerably depending on oak aging.

Sauvignon Blanc

A white wine varietal known for crisp acidity and grassy, herbal notes, popular as a refreshing summer wine.

Riesling

A white wine varietal made in styles ranging from bone-dry to very sweet, known for its bright acidity.

Syrah (Shiraz)

A red wine varietal known for rich, spicy notes β€” called Syrah in France and Shiraz in Australia.

Moscato

A white wine varietal known for gentle sweetness and floral, fruity aromas, also popular made into sparkling wine.

Knowing the Grape Varietal Makes Wine Labels Easier

Just knowing the grape varietal name printed on a wine label can give you a rough sense of its flavor and aroma. For red wines, compare varietal traits based on tannin and body; for whites, compare based on acidity and aroma β€” this makes it much easier to find a wine that suits your taste.

Terroir Matters as Much as the Varietal

The same grape varietal can taste quite different depending on the growing region's climate and soil (terroir), so it's worth exploring the same varietal from different origins.

Frequently Asked Questions

What varietal is recommended for someone new to red wine?

Merlot, with its soft tannins and abundant fruit character, is often cited as a especially approachable varietal for those not yet used to red wine.

Does the same varietal taste different depending on the country?

Yes β€” growing conditions like climate and soil (terroir) mean that even the same grape varietal can taste and smell quite different depending on where it's grown.