Types of Storms: A Complete Guide

Tap a storm type to see its defining features.

Hurricane, Typhoon, and Cyclone

These are actually the exact same phenomenon (a tropical cyclone) β€” only the name changes by region. It's called a "hurricane" in the Atlantic and eastern Pacific, a "typhoon" in the western Pacific, and a "cyclone" in the Indian Ocean and South Pacific.

Tornado

A narrow, powerful rotating column of air that forms within a strong thunderstorm, occurring especially often in the central US region known as "Tornado Alley."

The EF Scale (Enhanced Fujita Scale)

A scale that classifies tornado intensity from EF0 (weak) to EF5 (extremely violent), based on wind speed and the extent of damage caused.

The Saffir-Simpson Scale

A scale that classifies hurricane intensity from Category 1 to Category 5 β€” the higher the category, the stronger the maximum wind speed and the greater the potential damage.

Blizzard

A winter storm combining strong winds and heavy snowfall at the same time, reducing visibility to an extreme degree.

Derecho

A large-scale, thunderstorm-driven windstorm that moves rapidly in a straight line over a wide area, leaving behind damage from powerful straight-line winds.

Hurricanes and Typhoons Really Are the Same Phenomenon

Many people assume they're different kinds of natural disasters, but hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones are all the exact same type of powerful rotating storm that forms over tropical waters β€” only the regional name differs.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which parts of the world get hurricanes versus typhoons?

The Atlantic Ocean and the eastern Pacific use the name "hurricane," while the western Pacific β€” including the waters near East Asia β€” uses "typhoon" for the exact same kind of storm; the Indian Ocean and South Pacific instead call it a "cyclone."

How is a tornado different from a hurricane or typhoon?

A hurricane/typhoon forms over warm ocean water and can span hundreds of kilometers, while a tornado forms within a land-based thunderstorm and is a much narrower, shorter-lived rotating column of air.