Percussion Instruments Explained: Djembe, Conga, Cajon, Timpani

Tap an instrument to see its traits.

Djembe

A hand drum originating in West Africa, played by striking a goatskin head stretched over a cup-shaped body with the palms to produce a range of sounds.

Conga

A tall, cylindrical hand drum originating in Cuba, a core instrument for driving the rhythm in Latin music.

Cajon

A box-shaped percussion instrument that the player sits on top of, striking the front surface with their hands to produce sound.

Timpani (Kettledrum)

An orchestral percussion instrument with a hemispherical body covered in skin, whose pitch can be adjusted using a pedal.

Xylophone

A melodic percussion instrument made of wooden bars arranged by pitch, played by striking them with mallets.

Tambourine

A percussion instrument with small metal discs attached around its rim, producing a lively sound when shaken or struck.

Drum Set

A combination of several percussion instruments β€” bass drum, snare, cymbals, and more β€” set up so one person can play them all at once.

The Oldest Instrument Family in Human History

Percussion instruments, played by striking or shaking, are considered the earliest instruments humans ever created, and every culture around the world today continues its own distinct percussion traditions. They range enormously, from instruments that drive a rhythm to ones capable of carrying a melody.

Frequently Asked Questions

What sets timpani apart from other percussion instruments?

Unlike most percussion instruments, a pedal lets the player adjust the tension of the drumhead to produce a precise pitch, letting timpani play a melodic role within an orchestra as well.

Why is the cajon played while sitting?

It's built as a box-shaped instrument the player sits directly on top of, striking the front face with their hands β€” sitting is simply the basic playing position.