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Bicycle Hand Signals: What Each One Means

Bicycles have no turn signals or brake lights, so a small set of hand signals does that job instead β€” communicating a rider's next move to drivers, pedestrians, and other cyclists.

Left turn: left arm straight out

Extend the left arm straight out horizontally, parallel to the ground. This signal is essentially universal across jurisdictions and rider training programs.

Right turn (traditional): left arm bent upward

Extend the left arm out and bend it upward at the elbow, so the forearm points up. This is the older, traditional signal, dating back to before vehicles had electric turn signals, and it is still taught and legal in many places.

Right turn (alternate): right arm straight out

Extend the right arm straight out horizontally. This more intuitive alternative has become widely recognized and is now legally accepted in many jurisdictions, though not universally β€” check local traffic law if unsure.

Stopping or slowing: left arm bent downward

Extend the left arm down and slightly out from the body, palm facing backward. This warns riders and drivers behind you that you are slowing down or about to stop.

Signal before you move, not during it

Hand signals are most useful when given a few seconds before a turn or stop, giving drivers time to react. Signaling at the same moment you turn provides little practical warning.

Exact rules can vary by location

Which signals are legally required, and which right-turn version is officially recognized, differs by state and country. The general shapes above are widely understood even where they are not the letter of local law.

Why the traditional right-turn signal uses the left arm

The traditional system was originally shared with early motor vehicles before they had built-in turn signals, and it was designed so a driver or rider could give every signal without needing to use their right arm, which often held other controls. Cyclists have largely kept this convention even though most now find the straight right-arm version more natural.

Both right-turn signals are widely understood

Because the traditional and alternate right-turn signals have coexisted for so long, most drivers recognize either one, even in places where only one version is technically the legal standard.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which right-turn signal should I actually use?

Either is widely understood in practice. The straight right-arm version is generally considered more intuitive and is now legally recognized in many places, but checking your local traffic code is the only way to know which is officially required where you ride.

Should I still signal if there is no traffic nearby?

Yes β€” conditions can change quickly, other cyclists or pedestrians may be nearby without a rider noticing, and consistent signaling builds a habit that holds up in traffic too.